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A hedge fund is an alternative private investment vehicle that uses mutual funds using different and aggressive strategies to achieve active and broad returns for its investors.
The concept is quite similar to a mutual fund; however, hedge funds are relatively less regulated, can employ broad and aggressive strategies, and aim for large capital returns.
Hedge funds serve a small number of large investors. These investors are usually very wealthy and tend to have a big appetite to absorb the loss of all of their capital. Most hedge funds also have criteria for only allowing investors willing to invest a minimum of $10 million in investments.
The fund is managed by a Hedge Fund Manager who is responsible for the investment decisions and operations of the fund. The particularity is that this manager must be one of the big investors in the fund, which will make him cautious while making relevant investment decisions.
Funds with regulatory assets under management (AUM), must be registered in the United States for more than 100 million dollars. Security and Exchange Commission. Additionally, hedge funds are not required to make periodic reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Benefits of a Hedge Fund
Downside Protection
Hedge funds seek to protect the Profits and the Capital amount from declining hedging strategies.
They can take advantage of falling market prices: By ‘Short selling,’ whereby they shall sell the securities with a promise to repurchase them at a later date.
Make use of trading strategies that are suitable for the given type of market situation.
Reap the benefits of broader asset diversification and asset allocations.
Hence, e.g., if a portfolio has shares of Pharmaceutical companies and the Automobile sector and if the government offers some benefits to the Pharmaceutical industry but poses additional charges on the automobile sector, then in such cases, the benefits can outshine the possible declines in the automobile sector.
Performance Consistency
Generally, Managers do not have any restrictions in their choice of investment strategies and possess the ability to invest in any asset class or instrument. The role of the fund manager is to maximize the capital as much as possible and not beat a particular level of benchmark and be content. Their funds are also involved, which should act as a booster in this case.
Low Correlation
The ability to make profits in volatile market conditions equips them to generate returns with little correlation to traditional investments.
Hence, it is not essential that if the market is going in a downward direction, the portfolio would be making a loss and vice versa.
Management fees for management and hedge fees Performance fees
These fees are an indemnity given to hedge fund managers to manage funds and are generally defined as a “two and twenty years” rule. These fees are generally calculated as a percentage of investment benefits, often realized and unrealistic. Some funds require a blocking commitment of up to two years, but the most common blocking is a one-year request. In some cases, this may be a “hard hold”, which prevents the investor from withdrawing the funds for the full-time period, while in other cases the investor can redeem their funds for a penalty
Performance fees of 20% are paid once the fund reaches a certain level of performance, generating positive returns. The number of days must also be specified, ranging from 15 to 180 days.
“Lock Up” is a provision under which a time commitment is established in which the investor cannot withdraw his capital. Some funds require a blocking commitment of up to two years, but the most common blocking is a one-year request. In some cases, this could be a “hard block”, which prevents the investor from withdrawing the funds for the entire period, while in other cases the investor can redeem their funds for a penalty, which can vary from 2% to 10%.
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